Supplementation of NMN can alleviate the aging of mesenchymal stem cells

 

A growing number of studies have shown that the depletion of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is closely related to stem cell aging and mitochondrial metabolic disorders. Boosting NAD+ levels is considered an effective way to delay aging.

Prior to this, researchers from the Key Laboratory of Pathology of the Ministry of Education of Jilin University found that the content of NAD+ in mesenchymal stem cells of replicative aging and natural aging was significantly reduced, and the precursor of NAD+, Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN), was supplemented Can alleviate NAD+ deficiency-induced aging of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).

The latest research results published by the research team on November 25, 2022 showed that late-passage (LP) mesenchymal stem cells exhibited lower NAD+ content, reduced Sirt3 expression and poor mitochondrial function. Overexpression of Sirt3 attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction, whereas inhibition of Sirt3 activity by the selective Sirt3 inhibitor 3-TYP aggravated cell aging and mitochondrial dysfunction in early passage (EP) mesenchymal stem cells.

NMN supplementation ameliorated 3-TYP-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular senescence in early passage (EP) mesenchymal stem cells. Significantly increased intracellular NAD+ levels, NAD+/NADH ratio, Sirt3 expression, improved mitochondrial function, and rescued aging MSCs.

The NAD+ content (panel a) and NAD+/NADH ratio (panel b) were significantly lower in LP MSCs compared with EP MSCs

In the lower panel, the research team found a significant increase in Sirt3 expression at the mRNA (panel c) and protein (panel d) levels in LP-MSCs treated with NMN, suggesting that NMN supplementation may activate NAD+ in aging MSCs /Sirt3 signaling pathway.

As an NAD+-dependent deacetylase, Sirt is the most well-studied mitochondrial enzyme responsible for the regulation of various metabolic processes. NAD+ depletion can reduce the expression of Sirt3 and increase the acetylation level of its target protein. Since NMN supplementation can increase NAD+ content and NAD+/NADH ratio, whether NMN might regulate Sirt3 expression by promoting NAD+ synthesis still needs to be explained.

For these reasons, the research team detected Sirt3 expression in replicatively aged mesenchymal stem cells. The results showed that Sirt3 mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced in mesenchymal stem cells, and NMN supplementation reversed the reduction of sirt3 expression caused by replicative aging.

Collectively, NMN supplementation attenuated mitochondrial dysfunction and rescued MSC aging, which may provide a novel mechanism to explain MSC aging and provide a promising strategy for the development of antiaging drugs.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells exhibit typical senescence characteristics when expanded in vitro.

Supplementation with exogenous nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) improves mitochondrial dysfunction and attenuates aging in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) via the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/Sirt3 signaling pathway .

*Special note - This article is for informational purposes only and cannot replace a doctor's treatment diagnosis and advice. It should not be regarded as a recommendation or proof of efficacy of the medical products involved. If it involves disease diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation, please be sure to go to a professional medical institution to seek professional advice.