Four major anti-aging ingredients

Aging is an inevitable biological process, yet finding effective ways to slow it has long been a central pursuit in biomedical science. Recent advances in biotechnology have identified a growing list of molecules and interventions that can counteract aging, offering fresh hope for extending healthy lifespan.

GlyNac (a combination of glycine and N-acetylcysteine)

GlyNac works by raising intracellular glutathione, an antioxidant whose levels decline with age. This drop contributes to mitochondrial damage and cellular senescence. Clinical studies show that GlyNac supplementation in older adults improves oxidative-stress markers, restores mitochondrial function, reduces insulin resistance, and can even enhance physical performance.

Metformin

Originally a first-line diabetes drug, metformin has emerged as a leading anti-aging candidate. It appears to extend healthspan by modulating cellular metabolism and improving insulin sensitivity, thereby lowering risks of age-related cardiovascular disease and cognitive decline.

Resveratrol

Resveratrol is a polyphenol with antioxidant properties. At low doses it supports health maintenance, but high doses may harm normal cells, illustrating its “double-edged-sword” nature.

NMN (nicotinamide mononucleotide)

NMN boosts the coenzyme NAD⁺, whose depletion is linked to numerous age-related disorders. Early human trials suggest NMN can enhance endurance and reduce biological age.

Beyond these molecules, non-pharmacologic strategies are also gaining traction. Exercise improves metabolic coordination in muscle, liver, and other tissues, counteracting hallmarks of aging such as genomic instability and mitochondrial dysfunction; both aerobic and resistance training confer benefits. Fasting regimens—intermittent or periodic—activate cellular stress responses that promote DNA repair and autophagy, improving metabolic health and disease prevention.

Research on these anti-aging compounds is ongoing. All interventions still require robust, long-term clinical validation. With continued advances in drug-delivery technologies, these agents may soon be translated into safe, effective therapies for healthy aging.

Reference: Joe Chou, Paiho Chen, Morris Huang, “Progress of Anti-Aging Drugs and Their Formulation,” International Research Journal of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Vol. 7, Issue 4, pp. 8-12, 2024.

by GSHWORLD

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