What is the role of glutathione in the human body?

 

Glutathione is an antioxidant and a major regulator of cellular redox potential and oxidative damage. Glutathione exists in the human body in its reduced (GSH) or oxidized (GSSG) form. Multiple pathways determine glutathione synthesis and redox balance. Defects in these pathways may result in impaired resistance or resilience to oxidative stress.

What is the role of glutathione in the human body?

Glutathione is one of the major scavengers of hydroxyl radicals, singlet oxygen, and various electrophiles. It is composed of cysteine, glycine and glutamic acid. The total glutathione content in cells and the ratio of GSH/GSSG are key factors in maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and resisting oxidative stress. GSH decreases with aging. Decreased, the GSH/GSSG ratio is lower in older adults compared with younger adults, suggesting that glutathione resistance to oxidative stress is impaired with aging.

Indeed, GSH exerts multiple physiological functions, including proliferation, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, catabolism of xenobiotics, glutathionylation of proteins, and the production of some steroids, lipid compounds, and deoxyribonucleotides .

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references:

[1] Zhu S, Makosa D, Miller B, Griffin TM. Glutathione as a mediator of cartilage oxidative stress resistance and resilience during aging and osteoarthritis. Connect Tissue Res. 2020 Jan;61(1):34-47. doi: 10.1080 /03008207.2019.1665035. Epub 2019 Sep 15. PMID: 31522568; PMCID: PMC6884680.

[2] Bajic VP, Van Neste C, Obradovic M, Zafirovic S, Radak D, Bajic VB, Essack M, Isenovic ER. Glutathione "Redox Homeostasis" and Its Relation to Cardiovascular Disease. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019 May 9;2019 :5028181. doi: 10.1155/2019/5028181. PMID: 31210841; PMCID: PMC6532282.

*Special note - This article is for informational purposes only and cannot replace a doctor's treatment diagnosis and advice. It should not be regarded as a recommendation or proof of efficacy of the medical products involved. If it involves disease diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation, please be sure to go to a professional medical institution to seek professional advice.